1947 -India gains freedom, and Jawaharlal Nehru is sworn in as the first Prime Minister of Independent India.
1947-48 -Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal bloodshed after partition.
1948- Mahatma Gandhi assassinated by Nathuram Godse.
1950- India becomes a Republic. Dr Rajendra Prasad is the first President of India.
1952- First general elections; Congress government comes to power
1956-The states are reorganized on a linguistic basis
1962- War with China and India loses
1964- Death of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru
1965- War with Pakistan; ceasefire declared
1966-Tashkent Agreement reached. Shastri dies at Tashkent. Indira Gandhi becomes prime minister.
1971-Third war with Pakistan
1971-Twenty-year treaty of friendship signed with Soviet Union.
1972-Shimla agreement signed between India and Pakistan.
1974-India's first atomic device exploded at Pokhran in Rajasthan.
1975-Indira Gandhi declared state of emergency.
1977- Indira Gandhi's Congress Party loses general elections. Janata Party comes to power
1979-Janata Party splits; Seventh general elections held
1980-Indira Gandhi returns to power heading Congress party splinter group, Congress (Indira).
1984-Operation Blue Star. Indira Gandhi assassinated; son Rajiv Gandhi becomes Prime Minister
1987-India deploys troops for peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict. Goa becomes the 25th state of India.
1989-Rajiv Gandhi's Congress defeated in ninth general elections; minority government led by Janata Dal's V.P Singh comes to power
1990-Indian troops withdrawn from Sri Lanka.
1991-V.P Singh's government falls . Rajiv Gandhi assassinated. Congress government return to power with P.V. Narasimha Rao as Prime Minister
1992-The dome of Babri Masjid (mosque) in Ayodhya demolished by hindu fanatics; triggering widespread Hindu-Muslim violence.
1996 - Congress suffers worst ever electoral defeat as Hindu nationalist BJP emerges as largest single party. In May 16 AB Vajpayee is PM, until May 28; United Front Coalition forms government under Prime Minister H.D. Deve Gowda
1997 - Congress withdraws support to coalition government; I.K. Gujaral sworn in Prime Minister.
1998 - BJP forms coalition government under Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee.
1999 - Vajpayee makes historic bus trip to Pakistan to meet Premier Nawaz Sharif and to sign bilateral Lahore peace declaration.
1999 - Intense fighting in Kargil
2004 - Congress Party win in general elections. Manmohan Singh is sworn in as prime minister.
Saturday, December 8, 2007
India's Sashtipurthi-chronological order of important events
"The best is yet to come"
These r PM Manmohan Singh's words after raising the Indian flag at Delhi's Red Fort on India's SUSHTIPURTHI.In his opinion" We are a young nation. Once unleashed, the energy of our youth will drive India onto a new growth path .Sixty years ago we started a new journey. We were inspired by Mahatma Gandhi's thoughts and views. In the true sense we will have freedom and independence only when we get rid of poverty."
India's middle class is growing along with the country's western-style consumer economy.
Towards Development:
The silicon boom in Indian IT industry by SWITCH (Satyam, Wipro, Infosys, TCS, Cognizant, HCL).
Nuclear Power.
Cricket.
Bollywood films.
Brain drain to Gulf & European countries.
What retards progress:
Malnutrition due to poverty & environmental conditions.
Tribal wars in Assam,constant problems in Tripura,nagaland,kashmir etc.
Unprecedented growth in population.
Unsettled issues between states regarding dams,rivers,railways etc. (Kaveri, Mullaperiyar, Salem railway division etc)
Pollution(Narmada,Ganga,etc)
Diseases.
Corruption.
Leg pulling.(I mean'kaalu vaaral')
Communal riots(Ayodhya,Gujarat etc incidents)
Lack of dedication in working for India.
etc.r some important issues I noticed in the recent past.
Tuesday, December 4, 2007
Colors of Rose Flowers and their Meanings
Many flowers have important symbolic meanings in Western culture. The practice of assigning meanings to flowers is known as floriography. Some of the more common examples include: Red roses are given as a symbol of love, beauty, and passion. Poppies are a symbol of consolation in time of death. In the UK, Australia and Canada, red poppies are worn to commemorate soldiers who have died in times of war. Irises/Lily are used in burials as a symbol referring to "resurrection/life". It is also associated with stars (sun) and its petals blooming/shining. Daisies are a symbol of innocence.
Colors of Rose Flowers and their Meanings
The following are the symbolic meanings of some of the different colors of roses:
Purple roses pertain to fantasies, hoping for some miracles, new opportunities and possibilities. However, lavender roses symbolize caution and the need to go on slowly and cautiously.
Orange roses signify enthusiasm, desire, and fascination. They actually say: I am proud of you!
Peach roses mean desire, anticipation, sincere, appreciation and hopefulness for the future. Pale peach roses symbolize modesty.
Pink roses represent elegance, gracefulness, sophistication, and refinement with the combination of fun and light-heartedness. These roses are best for carrying sweet thoughts and thank yous.
Red rose flowers, the most common floral gift, stand for romance, beauty, respect, courage, passionate love and bonding. Red roses combined with pink roses stand for strong romance and passion. Full blown red roses convey a message: I Love You!
White roses, sometimes referred to as the Flower of Light, signify unity, endless love, purity, silence and innocence, and youthfulness. They also represent spiritual love and anticipation of happiness. White roses combined with red ones signify unity and togetherness.
Yellow roses mean strong feeling of pure joy, freedom, and friendship. A yellow rose with red tip represents friends falling in love. Red and yellow roses when combined mean cheerfulness and faithfulness.
Rosebuds represent beauty, youth and a heart innocent of love or they express a message: You are young and beautiful. A single rose stands for simplicity and a message that says: You are the Only One.
